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The World Bank calls on Albania: To guarantee affordable heating for the population

Written by SOT.COM.AL 21 Shtator 2023

The World Bank calls on Albania and 21 other countries in Europe and Central Asia for a radical restructuring of the heating sector in order to provide sustainable and affordable services to the population of these countries, especially to the most vulnerable groups, and to reduce the use of high-carbon fuels in a recent report Towards a Sustainable Warming Transition in Europe and Central Asia.
The report finds that due to insufficient investments, the heating sector in the countries of Europe and Central Asia often provides low-quality services, fails to fully recover its costs, causes serious consequences for the environment and people's quality of life.
About 30% of the region's population, mostly in urban areas, receives service from municipal district heating companies, which rely mainly on subsidized fossil fuels, have aging infrastructure and poor financial sustainability.
In rural areas, the vast majority of households use highly polluting wood or coal stoves or boilers. Taken together, these fuel sources cause high levels of air pollution that lead to approximately 302,000 deaths and cause a welfare cost of 7% of GDP per year. Also due to the large number of old and energy inefficient buildings, the high cost remains a concern as a third of the region's population finds it difficult to pay heating bills or provide sufficient heating in their homes.
The report Towards a Sustainable Heating Transition in Europe and Central Asia highlights the urgent need to ensure efficient, clean and affordable heating for all. Achieving the region's net zero emissions target by mid-century requires drastic transformation of the sector, which today accounts for around 24% of regional energy demand and is responsible for around 22% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
“Tranzicioni drejt ngrohjes së qëndrueshme është një objektiv që vendet e Europës dhe Azisë Qendrore nuk duhet ta shtyjnë më tej”, tha Antonella Bassani, Zëvendës Presidente e Bankës Botërore për Europën dhe Azinë Qendrore. “Duke miratuar politika dhe programe qeveritare të përshtatshme, me subvencione drejt teknologjive më të pastra dhe më efiçente të ngrohjes, vendet do të mundin që brenda kësaj dekade të arrijnë uljen e kërkesës për ngrohje, përmirësimin e cilësisë së ajrit dhe pakësimin e emetimeve.”
Sipas raportit, tranzicioni drejt ngrohjes së qëndrueshme në rajon mund të ulë ndjeshëm numrin e vdekjeve dhe humbjet në mirëqenie si rezultat i ndotjes, si dhe mund të ofrojë një vizion të qartë për pakësimin e emetimeve të GHG. Ky tranzicion do të shmangte emetimin e rreth 8.9 gigatonëve të CO2 nga sistemet e ngrohjes lokale në të ardhmen për ndërtesat e periudhës 2024-2050. Raporti rishikon statusin dhe tendencat e sistemeve të ngrohjes lokale në të gjitha vendet, identifikon barrierat dhe sfidat e përbashkëta rajonale për ngrohjen e qëndrueshme, vlerëson alternativat e ndryshme të ngrohjes (përfshirë karburantet, teknologjitë dhe kostot) dhe propozon një kornizë me politika dhe programe për planifikimin e qeverisë dhe tranzicionin.
“Ne jemi të vetëdijshëm për sfidat e mëdha me të cilat përballet sektori i ngrohjes në vendet e Europës dhe Azisë Qendrore. Qëllimi ynë është t’i pajisim politikëbërësit me njohuri të bazuara në të dhëna dhe zgjidhje të bazuara në veprime për të çuar përpara tranzicionin e ngrohjes së qëndrueshme, duke përmirësuar jetën dhe mirëqenien e popullsisë së rajonit” tha Charles Cormier, Drejtori Rajonal i Infrastrukturës në Bankën Botërore për Europën dhe Azinë Qendrore. “Me prezantimin e teknologjive dhe qasjeve tashmë të testuara, vendet kanë bërë një progres relativisht të dukshëm, por këto përpjekje ende nuk janë në shkallën që të përmbushin objektivat për emetime neto zero deri në mes të shekullit.”
The report proposes a three-pronged strategy that governments can rely on to structure their transition plans as efficiently as possible:
By embracing this comprehensive approach, the governments of European and Central Asian countries can make efficient, affordable and suitable investments for their countries, which would contribute to a sustainable transition of heating systems./MONITOR
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